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OFDM mathematical principles and transceiver model based on frame synchronization, timing synchronization, frequency synchronization and sampling synchronization to the OFDM system, the impact of the oretical analysis are also discussed based on the cyclic prefix or training symbols typical OFDM synchronization algorithm . Reference 802.11a burst data frame structure and system parameters, analyze several OFDM synchronization algorithm for burst packet transmission performance several classic channel estimation algorithm based on a compromise between complexity and performance, select a suitable estimation algorithm in this article. Finally, the author proposed a modified LS channel estimation algorithm that takes into account the effects of noise in the LS algorithm, thus improving the low SNR channel estimation accuracy. Simulation results show that the improved algorithm has good performance in low signal-to-noise ratio.