Introduction - If you have any usage issues, please Google them yourself
Human age, as an important personal trait, can be directly inferred by distinct patterns emerging the facial
appearance. Derived rapid advances in computer graphics and machine vision, computer-based age synthesis and estimation via
faces have become particularly pr ent topics recently because of their explosively emerging real-world applications, such as
forensic art, electronic customer relationship management, security control and surveillance monitoring, biometrics, entertainment, and
cosmetology. Age synthesis is defined to rerender a face image aesthetically with natural aging and rejuvenating effects on the
individual face. Age estimation is defined to label a face image automatically with the exact age (year) or the age group (year range) of
the individual face. Because of their particularity and complexity, both problems are attractive yet challenging to computer-based
application system designers. Large efforts both academia and industry have been devoted in the las