The easiest difference format forward, backward, and three kinds of centers. Forward differencing: f (n) = f (n+ 1)-f (n) Backward difference: f (n) = f (n)-f (n-1) Central difference: f (n) = [f (n+ 1)-f (n-1)]/2

DE\crossover.m
..\DE_Std.m
..\Differential Evolution Algorithm With Strategy Adaptation for Global Numerical Optimization(1).pdf
..\mutation.m
..\testFun.m
DE

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