Description: Recent advances in wireless sensor networks have led to many new protocols specifically designed for sensor net-
works where energy awareness is an essential consideration. Most of the attention, however, has been given to the
routing protocols since they might di?er depending on the application and network architecture. This paper surveys
recent routing protocols for sensor networks and presents a classification for the various approaches pursued. The three
main categories explored in this paper are data-centric, hierarchical and location-based. Each routing protocol is de-
scribed and discussed under the appropriate category. Moreover, protocols using contemporary methodologies such as
network flow and quality of service modeling are also discussed. The paper concludes with open research issues. 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- Recent advances in wireless sensor networks have led to many new protocols specifically designed for sensor net-
works where energy awareness is an essential consideration. Most of the attention, however, has been given to the
routing protocols since they might di?er depending on the application and network architecture. This paper surveys
recent routing protocols for sensor networks and presents a classification for the various approaches pursued. The three
main categories explored in this paper are data-centric, hierarchical and location-based. Each routing protocol is de-
scribed and discussed under the appropriate category. Moreover, protocols using contemporary methodologies such as
network flow and quality of service modeling are also discussed. The paper concludes with open research issues. 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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